{"id":3980,"date":"2023-03-09T09:14:03","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T09:14:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/?p=3980"},"modified":"2024-03-12T10:57:30","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T10:57:30","slug":"how-to-install-tomcat-on-ubuntu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/how-to-install-tomcat-on-ubuntu\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install Tomcat on Ubuntu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_en.jpg\" alt=\"install configure apache  tomcat ubuntu debian  guide\" class=\"wp-image-4047\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_en.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_en-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_en-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_en-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_en-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tomcat is a popular open-source web server that supports Java Servlets and JSPs. In this tutorial, you will learn how to install Tomcat on Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04 &amp; 22.04. It&#8217;s also available for Debian OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before you start, make sure you have:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>A non-root user with sudo privileges<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Java 8 or higher installed on your system<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A stable internet connection<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 1: Install Java<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Install Java 8 or higher, which is required by Tomcat 9. You can use either OpenJDK or Oracle JDK. To install OpenJDK 11, run:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ <span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">sudo apt update sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 2: Download Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To download Tomcat, go to the&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/download-90.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">official website<\/a>&nbsp;and choose the latest version of Tomcat 9. At the time of writing this article, it was 9.0.72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copy the link address of the tar.gz file under Binary Distributions &gt; Core section.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, open a terminal and use <strong>wget <\/strong>command to download the file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ wget https:\/\/dlcdn.apache.org\/tomcat\/tomcat-9\/v9.0.86\/bin\/apache-tomcat-9.0.86.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 3: Extract Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>After downloading Tomcat, you need to extract it to a desired location. For this tutorial, we will use <code>\/opt\/tomcat<\/code> as the destination folder.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>First, create a tomcat directory under <code>\/opt<\/code>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo mkdir \/opt\/tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, extract the downloaded file using tar command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo tar xzvf apache-tomcat-*.tar.gz -C \/opt\/tomcat --strip-components=1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This will create several subdirectories under <code>\/opt\/tomcat<\/code> such as bin, conf, webapps etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 4: Configure Tomcat User<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To access the Tomcat web interface and manage your applications, you need to create a user with proper roles.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>To do that, open the <code>tomcat-users.xml<\/code> file in your preferred text editor:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/opt\/tomcat\/conf\/tomcat-users.xml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Then, add a user element inside the tomcat-users element with username, password, and roles attributes. For example<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"xml\" class=\"language-xml\">&lt;tomcat-users&gt;\n&lt;!-- ... --&gt;\n    &lt;user username=\"admin\" password=\"password\" roles=\"manager-gui,admin-gui\"\/&gt;\n&lt;\/tomcat-users&gt;               <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save and close the file when you are done.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 5: Start Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To start Tomcat, you can use the startup.sh script located in \/opt\/tomcat\/bin directory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo sh \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh      <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You should see something like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">Using CATALINA_BASE:   \/opt\/tomcat \nUsing CATALINA_HOME:   \/opt\/tomcat \nUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: \/opt\/tomcat\/temp \nUsing JRE_HOME:        \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-11-openjdk-amd64\/ \nUsing CLASSPATH:       \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/bootstrap.jar:\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/tomcat-juli.jar  \nTomcat started.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You can also check if Tomcat is running by using ps command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ ps -ef | grep tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Shutdown the server and go to Next step<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo sh \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 6: Create a Tomcat User and Group<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>For security reasons, it is recommended to create a unique user and group for running the Tomcat service. To do this, first create a new tomcat group by running the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ <span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">sudo groupadd tomcat<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, create a new tomcat user that is a member of the tomcat group and has&nbsp;<mark>\/opt\/tomcat<\/mark>&nbsp;as its home directory. This user will be used to run the Tomcat service. To create this user, run the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ cd \/opt\/tomcat\n$ sudo useradd -s \/bin\/false -g tomcat -d \/opt\/tomcat tomcat <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>First, give ownership of the entire installation directory to the tomcat group with this command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chgrp -R tomcat \/opt\/tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, give read access to conf directory and execute access to its parent directory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chmod -R g+r conf\n$ sudo chmod g+x conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Last but not least, make sure that tomcat user owns webapps\/, work\/, temp\/ and logs\/ directories:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chown -R tomcat webapps\/ work\/ temp\/ logs\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 7: Create a systemd Unit File<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We will need to create a new unit file to run Tomcat as a service.<br>Open your text editor and create a file name tomcat.service in the&nbsp;<strong>\/etc\/systemd\/system\/<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ <span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">sudo nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/tomcat.service<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, paste the following configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">[Unit]\nDescription=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container\nAfter=network.target\n\n[Service]\nType=forking\n\nEnvironment=JAVA_HOME=\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-11-openjdk-amd64\/\nEnvironment=CATALINA_PID=\/opt\/tomcat\/temp\/tomcat.pid\nEnvironment=CATALINA_Home=\/opt\/tomcat\nEnvironment=CATALINA_BASE=\/opt\/tomcat\nEnvironment=\u2019CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC\u2019\nEnvironment=\u2019JAVA_OPTS.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:\/dev\/v\/urandom\u2019\n\nExecStart=\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh\nExecStop=\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh\n\nUser=tomcat\nGroup=tomcat\nUMask=0007\nRestartSec=10\nRestart=always\n\n[Install]\n\nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save and close the file after finishing the given commands above. Next, notify the system that you have created a new file by issuing the following command in the command line:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\"><code>sudo systemctl daemon-reload<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The following commands will allow you to execute the Tomcat service:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo systemctl start tomcat\n$ sudo systemctl enable tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Step 8: Test Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>To test if Tomcat is working properly,<br>open your web browser and type http:\/\/your_server_ip:8080 in the address bar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You should see the default Tomcat homepage:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1344\" height=\"882\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131.jpeg\" alt=\"tomcat 9 apache default image\" class=\"wp-image-3982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131.jpeg 1344w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-300x197.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-1024x672.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-768x504.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-150x98.jpeg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>To access Tomcat&#8217;s web interface, click on the Manager App button and enter the username and password you created in&nbsp;Step 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>You should see a page that shows your deployed applications and allows you to manage them: Congratulations! You have successfully installed Tomcat on Ubuntu 20.04.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tomcat is a popular open-source web server that supports Java Servlets and JSPs. In this tutorial, you will learn how to install Tomcat on Ubuntu 18.04, 20.04 &amp; 22.04. It&#8217;s also available for Debian OS. Prerequisites Before you start, make sure you have: Step 1: Install Java Install Java 8 or higher, which is required ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/how-to-install-tomcat-on-ubuntu\/\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[69,4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>How to Install Tomcat on Ubuntu - WebHi Tutorials &amp; Documentations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"This article shows you how to install and configure Tomcat 9 on Ubuntu 18.04 \/ 20.04 \/ 22.04 and Debian for running Java web applications.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/how-to-install-tomcat-on-ubuntu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Install Tomcat on Ubuntu - WebHi Tutorials &amp; 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