{"id":3993,"date":"2023-03-09T09:20:11","date_gmt":"2023-03-09T09:20:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/?p=3993"},"modified":"2024-03-12T10:57:52","modified_gmt":"2024-03-12T10:57:52","slug":"comment-installer-tomcat-sur-ubuntu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/fr\/comment-installer-tomcat-sur-ubuntu\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment installer Tomcat sur Ubuntu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_fr.jpg\" alt=\"installer configurer apache tomcat guide ubuntu &amp; debian\" class=\"wp-image-4049\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_fr.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_fr-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_fr-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_fr-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/tomcat_ubuntu_fr-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Tomcat est un serveur web open-source populaire qui prend en charge les servlets Java et les JSP. Dans ce tutoriel, vous apprendrez \u00e0 installer Tomcat sur Ubuntu 18.04 \/ 20.04 \/ 22.04 and Debian OS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pr\u00e9requis<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Avant de commencer, assurez-vous que vous avez :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Un utilisateur non-root avec des privil\u00e8ges sudo<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Java 8 ou plus install\u00e9 sur votre syst\u00e8me<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Une connexion internet stable<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 1 : Installer Java<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Installez Java 8 ou sup\u00e9rieur, qui est requis par Tomcat 9. Vous pouvez utiliser soit OpenJDK soit Oracle JDK. Pour installer OpenJDK 11, ex\u00e9cutez :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ <span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">sudo apt update sudo apt install openjdk-11-jdk<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 2 : T\u00e9l\u00e9charger Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour t\u00e9l\u00e9charger Tomcat, allez sur le <a href=\"https:\/\/tomcat.apache.org\/download-90.cgi\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">site officiel<\/a> et choisissez la derni\u00e8re version de Tomcat 9. Au moment de la r\u00e9daction de cet article, il s&#8217;agissait de la 9.0.72.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Copiez l&#8217;adresse du lien du fichier tar.gz dans la section Distributions binaires &gt; Core.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuite, ouvrez un terminal et utilisez la commande <strong>wget<\/strong> pour t\u00e9l\u00e9charger le fichier :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ wget https:\/\/dlcdn.apache.org\/tomcat\/tomcat-9\/v9.0.86\/bin\/apache-tomcat-9.0.86.tar.gz<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 3 : Extraire Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Apr\u00e8s avoir t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9 Tomcat, vous devez l&#8217;extraire \u00e0 l&#8217;emplacement souhait\u00e9. Pour ce tutoriel, nous utiliserons <code>\/opt\/tomcat<\/code> comme dossier de destination.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tout d&#8217;abord, cr\u00e9ez un r\u00e9pertoire tomcat sous <code>\/opt<\/code> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo mkdir \/opt\/tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuite, extrayez le fichier t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9 en utilisant la commande tar :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo tar xzvf apache-tomcat-*.tar.gz -C \/opt\/tomcat --strip-components=1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Cela cr\u00e9era plusieurs sous-r\u00e9pertoires sous <code>\/opt\/tomcat<\/code> tels que bin, conf, webapps etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 4 : Configurer l&#8217;utilisateur Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour acc\u00e9der \u00e0 l&#8217;interface web de Tomcat et g\u00e9rer vos applications, vous devez cr\u00e9er un utilisateur avec les r\u00f4les appropri\u00e9s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour ce faire, ouvrez le fichier <code>tomcat-users.xml<\/code> dans votre \u00e9diteur de texte pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/opt\/tomcat\/conf\/tomcat-users.xml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuite, ajoutez un \u00e9l\u00e9ment utilisateur dans l&#8217;\u00e9l\u00e9ment tomcat-users avec les attributs username, password et roles. Par exemple<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"xml\" class=\"language-xml\">&lt;tomcat-users&gt;\n&lt;!-- ... --&gt;\n    &lt;user username=\"admin\" password=\"password\" roles=\"manager-gui,admin-gui\"\/&gt;\n&lt;\/tomcat-users&gt;               <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Enregistrez et fermez le fichier lorsque vous avez termin\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 5 : D\u00e9marrer Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour d\u00e9marrer Tomcat, vous pouvez utiliser le script startup.sh situ\u00e9 dans le r\u00e9pertoire <code>\/opt\/tomcat\/bin<\/code> :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo sh \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh      <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Vous devriez voir quelque chose comme ceci :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">Using CATALINA_BASE:   \/opt\/tomcat \nUsing CATALINA_HOME:   \/opt\/tomcat \nUsing CATALINA_TMPDIR: \/opt\/tomcat\/temp \nUsing JRE_HOME:        \/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-11-openjdk-amd64\/ \nUsing CLASSPATH:       \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/bootstrap.jar:\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/tomcat-juli.jar  \nTomcat started.<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Vous pouvez \u00e9galement v\u00e9rifier si Tomcat est en cours d&#8217;ex\u00e9cution en utilisant la commande ps :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ ps -ef | grep tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Arr\u00eatez le serveur et passez \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9tape suivante<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo sh \/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 6 : Cr\u00e9er un utilisateur et un groupe Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour des raisons de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, il est recommand\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er un utilisateur et un groupe uniques pour l&#8217;ex\u00e9cution du service Tomcat. Pour cela, cr\u00e9ez d&#8217;abord un nouveau groupe tomcat en ex\u00e9cutant la commande suivante :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ <span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">sudo groupadd tomcat<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuite, cr\u00e9ez un nouvel utilisateur tomcat qui est membre du groupe tomcat et dont le r\u00e9pertoire d&#8217;origine est \/opt\/tomcat. Cet utilisateur sera utilis\u00e9 pour ex\u00e9cuter le service Tomcat. Pour cr\u00e9er cet utilisateur, ex\u00e9cutez la commande suivante :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ cd \/opt\/tomcat\n$ sudo useradd -s \/bin\/false -g tomcat -d \/opt\/tomcat tomcat <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Premi\u00e8rement, donnez la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 du r\u00e9pertoire d&#8217;installation entier au groupe tomcat avec cette commande :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chgrp -R tomcat \/opt\/tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuite, donnez un acc\u00e8s en lecture au r\u00e9pertoire conf et un acc\u00e8s en ex\u00e9cution \u00e0 son r\u00e9pertoire parent :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chmod -R g+r conf\n$ sudo chmod g+x conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Enfin, assurez-vous que l&#8217;utilisateur de tomcat poss\u00e8de les r\u00e9pertoires webapps\/, work\/, temp\/ et logs\/ :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chown -R tomcat webapps\/ work\/ temp\/ logs\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 7 : Cr\u00e9er un fichier d&#8217;unit\u00e9 systemd<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nous devrons cr\u00e9er un nouveau fichier d&#8217;unit\u00e9 pour ex\u00e9cuter Tomcat comme un service.Open your text editor and create a file name tomcat.service in the&nbsp;<strong>\/etc\/systemd\/system\/<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ <span style=\"background-color: initial; font-family: inherit; font-size: inherit;\">sudo nano \/etc\/systemd\/system\/tomcat.service<\/span><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, paste the following configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">[Unit]\nDescription=Apache Tomcat Web Application Container\nAfter=network.target\n\n[Service]\nType=forking\n\nEnvironment=JAVA_HOME=\/usr\/lib\/jvm\/java-11-openjdk-amd64\/\nEnvironment=CATALINA_PID=\/opt\/tomcat\/temp\/tomcat.pid\nEnvironment=CATALINA_Home=\/opt\/tomcat\nEnvironment=CATALINA_BASE=\/opt\/tomcat\nEnvironment=\u2019CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms512M -Xmx1024M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC\u2019\nEnvironment=\u2019JAVA_OPTS.awt.headless=true -Djava.security.egd=file:\/dev\/v\/urandom\u2019\n\nExecStart=\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/startup.sh\nExecStop=\/opt\/tomcat\/bin\/shutdown.sh\n\nUser=tomcat\nGroup=tomcat\nUMask=0007\nRestartSec=10\nRestart=always\n\n[Install]\n\nWantedBy=multi-user.target<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Sauvegardez et fermez le fichier apr\u00e8s avoir termin\u00e9 les commandes donn\u00e9es ci-dessus. Ensuite, notifiez au syst\u00e8me que vous avez cr\u00e9\u00e9 un nouveau fichier en \u00e9mettant la commande suivante dans la ligne de commande : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\"><code>sudo systemctl daemon-reload<\/code><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Les commandes suivantes vous permettront d&#8217;ex\u00e9cuter le service Tomcat :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo systemctl start tomcat\n$ sudo systemctl enable tomcat<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9tape 8 : Tester Tomcat<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour tester si Tomcat fonctionne correctement,open your web browser and type http:\/\/your_server_ip:8080 in the address bar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vous devriez voir la page d&#8217;accueil par d\u00e9faut de Tomcat :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1344\" height=\"882\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131.jpeg\" alt=\"Page par d\u00e9faut de tomcat 9 apache\" class=\"wp-image-3982\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131.jpeg 1344w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-300x197.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-1024x672.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-768x504.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/03\/Web-capture_3-3-2023_17635_192.168.182.131-150x98.jpeg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1344px) 100vw, 1344px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Pour acc\u00e9der \u00e0 l&#8217;interface web de Tomcat, cliquez sur le bouton Manager App et entrez le nom d&#8217;utilisateur et le mot de passe que vous avez cr\u00e9\u00e9s \u00e0 l&#8217;\u00e9tape 4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vous devriez voir une page qui montre vos applications d\u00e9ploy\u00e9es et vous permet de les g\u00e9rer : F\u00e9licitations ! Vous avez install\u00e9 avec succ\u00e8s Tomcat sur Ubuntu 20.04.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tomcat est un serveur web open-source populaire qui prend en charge les servlets Java et les JSP. Dans ce tutoriel, vous apprendrez \u00e0 installer Tomcat sur Ubuntu 18.04 \/ 20.04 \/ 22.04 and Debian OS. Pr\u00e9requis Avant de commencer, assurez-vous que vous avez : \u00c9tape 1 : Installer Java Installez Java 8 ou sup\u00e9rieur, qui ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/fr\/comment-installer-tomcat-sur-ubuntu\/\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[67,41],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>Comment installer Tomcat sur Ubuntu - WebHi Tutorials &amp; Documentations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cet article vous montre comment installer et configurer Tomcat 9 sur Ubuntu 18.04 \/ 20.04 \/ 22.04 et Debian pour ex\u00e9cuter des applications web Java.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/fr\/comment-installer-tomcat-sur-ubuntu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Comment installer Tomcat sur Ubuntu - WebHi Tutorials &amp; 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