{"id":6978,"date":"2023-10-10T20:15:56","date_gmt":"2023-10-10T20:15:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/?p=6978"},"modified":"2024-10-15T15:17:15","modified_gmt":"2024-10-15T15:17:15","slug":"how-to-install-openvpn-server-on-linux-debian-11-12","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/how-to-install-openvpn-server-on-linux-debian-11-12\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install OpenVPN Server on Debian 11\/12"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/10\/openvpn_debian_install_en.jpg\" alt=\"setup Open VPN Server on Debian 11 \/ 12\" class=\"wp-image-7032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/10\/openvpn_debian_install_en.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/10\/openvpn_debian_install_en-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/10\/openvpn_debian_install_en-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/10\/openvpn_debian_install_en-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2023\/10\/openvpn_debian_install_en-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>OpenVPN<\/strong> is a robust, open-source VPN (Virtual Private Network) solution that enables secure connections to remote networks via the internet. In this guide, we&#8217;ll walk you through the process of setting up OpenVPN on a Debian server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"method-1\">Method 1:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Installation Using a Script<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Begin by obtaining the installation script and making it executable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ curl -O https:\/\/raw.githubusercontent.com\/angristan\/openvpn-install\/master\/openvpn-install.sh\n$ chmod +x openvpn-install.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, run the script (ensure you have root privileges and the TUN module enabled):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ .\/openvpn-install.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Upon the first execution, you&#8217;ll be prompted to answer a few questions to configure your VPN server. Once OpenVPN is installed, you can rerun the script to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ .\/openvpn-install.sh\nWelcome to OpenVPN-install!\nThe git repository is available at: https:\/\/github.com\/angristan\/openvpn-install\n\nIt seems like OpenVPN is already installed.\n\nWhat would you like to do?\n   1) Add a new user\n   2) Revoke an existing user\n   3) Remove OpenVPN\n   4) Exit\nSelect an option [1-4]:<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This allows you to add new users or revoke existing ones.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"method-2\">Method 2:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 1: Update and Upgrade Debian<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Before installing any software, it&#8217;s essential to update and upgrade your Debian system. Execute the following commands:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo apt update\n$ sudo apt upgrade<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 2: Install OpenVPN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Install OpenVPN on your Debian server with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo apt install openvpn easy-rsa<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 3: Generate Certificates and Keys<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>OpenVPN relies on certificates and keys for client and server authentication. To generate these files, use the included easy-rsa script:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ make-cadir ~\/openvpn-ca &amp;&amp; cd ~\/openvpn-ca<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the&nbsp;<code>vars<\/code>&nbsp;file to configure Certificate Authority (CA) variables:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">set_var EASYRSA_REQ_COUNTRY    \"US\"\nset_var EASYRSA_REQ_PROVINCE   \"California\"\nset_var EASYRSA_REQ_CITY       \"San Francisco\"\nset_var EASYRSA_REQ_ORG        \"Copyleft Certificate Co\"\nset_var EASYRSA_REQ_EMAIL      \"me@example.net\"\nset_var EASYRSA_REQ_OU         \"My Organizational Unit\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Generate the required certificates and keys:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ .\/easyrsa init-pki\n$ .\/easyrsa build-ca\n$ .\/easyrsa gen-req server nopass\n$ .\/easyrsa sign-req server server\n$ .\/easyrsa gen-dh\n$ openvpn --genkey --secret pki\/ta.key<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>These certificates and keys will be stored in the&nbsp;<code>\/root\/openvpn-ca\/pki<\/code>&nbsp;directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 4: Configure OpenVPN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>After generating certificates and keys, proceed to configure OpenVPN. Create a new configuration file with the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ zcat \/usr\/share\/doc\/openvpn\/examples\/sample-config-files\/server.conf.gz | sudo tee \/etc\/openvpn\/server.conf &gt; \/dev\/null<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Copy the necessary files to the OpenVPN directory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ cp \/root\/openvpn-ca\/pki\/{ca.crt,dh.pem,ta.key} \/etc\/openvpn\n$ cp \/root\/openvpn-ca\/pki\/issued\/server.crt \/etc\/openvpn\n$ cp \/root\/openvpn-ca\/pki\/private\/server.key \/etc\/openvpn<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit&nbsp;<code>\/etc\/openvpn\/server.conf<\/code>&nbsp;to match the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">ca ca.crt\ncert server.crt\nkey server.key  # Keep this file secure\ndh dh.pem\n;tls-auth ta.key 0\ntls-crypt ta.key<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save and close the file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 5: Enable IP Forwarding<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the sysctl configuration:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/sysctl.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Uncomment the following line:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">net.ipv4.ip_forward=1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Apply the changes:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo sysctl -p<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 6: Start and Enable OpenVPN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Start and enable the OpenVPN service:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo systemctl start openvpn@server\n$ sudo systemctl enable openvpn@server<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;<code>@server<\/code>&nbsp;specifies the configuration file you created earlier.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 7: Configure Firewall<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Allow OpenVPN traffic through the firewall by creating a new rule:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo ufw allow OpenVPN<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Step 8: Connect to OpenVPN Server<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>With the OpenVPN server operational, you can connect to it from a client computer. Install the OpenVPN client software and download the client configuration file from the server:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ .\/easyrsa gen-req client1 nopass\n$ .\/easyrsa sign-req client client1\n$ cp pki\/private\/client1.key \/etc\/openvpn\/client\/\n$ cp pki\/issued\/client1.crt \/etc\/openvpn\/client\/\n$ cp pki\/{ca.crt,ta.key} \/etc\/openvpn\/client\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a client configuration file in the&nbsp;<code>\/root\/openvpn-ca<\/code>&nbsp;directory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ cp \/usr\/share\/doc\/openvpn\/examples\/sample-config-files\/client.conf \/root\/openvpn-ca\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the file using&nbsp;<code>nano<\/code>&nbsp;and configure the variables:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">remote my-server-1 1194 # my-server-1 is the server's public IP\n\nuser nobody\ngroup nogroup\n\n;ca ca.crt\n;cert client.crt\n;key client.key\n;tls-auth ta.key 1\n\nkey-direction 1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a script to compile the base configuration with the necessary certificate, key, and encryption files:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ nano config_gen.sh<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Include the following content:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">#!\/bin\/bash <em># First argument: Client identifier<\/em>\n\nKEY_DIR=\/etc\/openvpn\/client\nOUTPUT_DIR=\/root\nBASE_CONFIG=\/root\/openvpn-ca\/client.conf\n\ncat ${BASE_CONFIG} \\\n    &lt;(echo -e '&lt;ca&gt;') \\\n    ${KEY_DIR}\/ca.crt \\\n    &lt;(echo -e '&lt;\/ca&gt;\\n&lt;cert&gt;') \\\n    ${KEY_DIR}\/${1}.crt \\\n    &lt;(echo -e '&lt;\/cert&gt;\\n&lt;key&gt;') \\\n    ${KEY_DIR}\/${1}.key \\\n    &lt;(echo -e '&lt;\/key&gt;\\n&lt;tls-crypt&gt;') \\\n    ${KEY_DIR}\/ta.key \\\n    &lt;(echo -e '&lt;\/tls-crypt&gt;') \\\n    &gt; ${OUTPUT_DIR}\/${1}.ovpn<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Make the script executable:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ chmod 700 \/root\/openvpn-ca\/config_gen.sh\n$ .\/config_gen.sh client1<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This command will create a&nbsp;<code>client1.ovpn<\/code>&nbsp;file in the&nbsp;<code>\/root\/<\/code>&nbsp;directory. Copy this file to your client computer and use it to connect to the OpenVPN server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>In this tutorial, we&#8217;ve demonstrated how to install and configure OpenVPN on a Debian server. With OpenVPN, you can securely access remote networks and their resources from anywhere in the world.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>OpenVPN is a robust, open-source VPN (Virtual Private Network) solution that enables secure connections to remote networks via the internet. In this guide, we&#8217;ll walk you through the process of setting up OpenVPN on a Debian server. Method 1: Installation Using a Script Begin by obtaining the installation script and making it executable: Next, run ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/how-to-install-openvpn-server-on-linux-debian-11-12\/\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,279],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>How to Install OpenVPN Server on Debian 11\/12 - WebHi Tutorials &amp; Documentations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Step-by-step guide on how to install, setup and configure an OpenVPN server on Debian 11\/12 to create a secure VPN connection.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/how-to-install-openvpn-server-on-linux-debian-11-12\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Install OpenVPN Server on Debian 11\/12 - WebHi Tutorials &amp; 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