{"id":8849,"date":"2024-06-24T07:58:16","date_gmt":"2024-06-24T07:58:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/?p=8849"},"modified":"2024-10-14T14:03:21","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T14:03:21","slug":"install-configure-opendkim-linux-ubuntu-debian","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/install-configure-opendkim-linux-ubuntu-debian\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Install and Configure OpenDKIM in Ubuntu"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" src=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2024\/06\/opendkim_install_en.jpg\" alt=\"Install and Configure OpenDKIM on Ubuntu 20.04 22.04 Debian 9 10\" class=\"wp-image-8861\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2024\/06\/opendkim_install_en.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2024\/06\/opendkim_install_en-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2024\/06\/opendkim_install_en-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2024\/06\/opendkim_install_en-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/gilrogre\/2024\/06\/opendkim_install_en-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"introduction\">Introduction<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>DomainKeys Identified Mail (<strong>DKIM<\/strong>) is an email authentication method designed to detect forged sender addresses in emails, a technique often used in phishing and email spam. DKIM allows an organization to claim responsibility for a message in a way that can be validated by the recipient. <strong>OpenDKIM<\/strong> is an open-source implementation of the DKIM specification that is widely used to add this layer of security to email systems.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This guide will walk you through the steps of installing and configuring OpenDKIM on an Ubuntu server. We will cover the installation process, configuration details, integration with the Postfix mail server, and testing to ensure everything is set up correctly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"prerequisites\">Prerequisites<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Before we begin, ensure that you have the following:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol>\n<li>An Ubuntu server (20.04 LTS or later).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Root or sudo access to the server.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A domain name and control over DNS settings.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Postfix installed and configured on your server.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-1-update-system-packages\">Step 1: Update System Packages<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Start by updating the package lists on your Ubuntu server to ensure you have the latest versions available.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo apt update\n$ sudo apt upgrade -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-2-install-opendkim-and-related-packages\">Step 2: Install OpenDKIM and Related Packages<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Next, install OpenDKIM and its dependencies using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo apt install opendkim opendkim-tools -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-3-configure-opendkim\">Step 3: Configure OpenDKIM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"create-opendkim-configuration-directory\">Create OpenDKIM Configuration Directory<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Create a directory for OpenDKIM configuration and key files.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo mkdir \/etc\/opendkim\n$ sudo mkdir \/etc\/opendkim\/keys<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"configure-opendkim\">Configure OpenDKIM<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the main configuration file for OpenDKIM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/opendkim.conf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the following configuration settings to the file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">Syslog                  yes\nUMask                   002\nMode                    sv\nCanonicalization        relaxed\/simple\nExternalIgnoreList      refile:\/etc\/opendkim\/TrustedHosts\nInternalHosts           refile:\/etc\/opendkim\/TrustedHosts\nKeyTable                refile:\/etc\/opendkim\/KeyTable\nSigningTable            refile:\/etc\/opendkim\/SigningTable\nSocket                  inet:12345@localhost\nPidFile                 \/var\/run\/opendkim\/opendkim.pid\nUserID                  opendkim:opendkim\nTemporaryDirectory      \/var\/tmp<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"configure-trusted-hosts\">Configure Trusted Hosts<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the TrustedHosts file to include your local network and mail server.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/opendkim\/TrustedHosts<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the following lines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">127.0.0.1\nlocalhost\n192.168.0.1\/24  # Replace with your local network\n*.yourdomain.com  # Replace with your domain<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"configure-key-table\">Configure Key Table<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the KeyTable file to specify the location of your DKIM keys.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/opendkim\/KeyTable<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the following line (replace&nbsp;<code>yourdomain.com<\/code>&nbsp;with your actual domain name):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">mail._domainkey.yourdomain.com yourdomain.com:mail:\/etc\/opendkim\/keys\/yourdomain.com\/mail.private<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"configure-signing-table\">Configure Signing Table<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the SigningTable file to define which domains should be signed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/opendkim\/SigningTable<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the following line:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">*@yourdomain.com mail._domainkey.yourdomain.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-4-generate-dkim-keys\">Step 4: Generate DKIM Keys<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Navigate to the keys directory and create a directory for your domain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ cd \/etc\/opendkim\/keys\n$ sudo mkdir yourdomain.com\n$ cd yourdomain.com<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Generate a new DKIM key pair using the following command:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo opendkim-genkey -s mail -d yourdomain.com\n$ sudo chown opendkim:opendkim mail.private<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>This will generate two files:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><code>mail.private<\/code>: The private key used by OpenDKIM to sign outgoing messages.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>mail.txt<\/code>: The public key that will be added to your DNS records.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-5-add-dkim-public-key-to-dns\">Step 5: Add DKIM Public Key to DNS<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Open the&nbsp;<code>mail.txt<\/code>&nbsp;file and copy its contents.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ cat mail.txt<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>You will see something like this:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">mail._domainkey.yourdomain.com. IN TXT \"v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQDmt+8iyK2xwLth...\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Log in to your DNS provider and create a new TXT record with the following details:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Name<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>mail._domainkey<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Type<\/strong>:&nbsp;<code>TXT<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Value<\/strong>: (Paste the content from the&nbsp;<code>mail.txt<\/code>&nbsp;file)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-6-configure-postfix-to-use-opendkim\">Step 6: Configure Postfix to Use OpenDKIM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Edit the Postfix main configuration file to integrate OpenDKIM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo nano \/etc\/postfix\/main.cf<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Add the following lines at the end of the file:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"properties\" class=\"language-properties\">milter_default_action = accept\nmilter_protocol = 6\nsmtpd_milters = inet:localhost:12345\nnon_smtpd_milters = inet:localhost:12345<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Save and close the file.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-7-start-and-enable-opendkim\">Step 7: Start and Enable OpenDKIM<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Start the OpenDKIM service and enable it to start on boot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo systemctl start opendkim\n$ sudo systemctl enable opendkim<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Restart Postfix to apply the changes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo systemctl restart postfix<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"step-8-test-your-configuration\">Step 8: Test Your Configuration<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"send-a-test-email\">Send a Test Email<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Send a test email to an external email address (e.g., Gmail or Yahoo) to check if DKIM signing is working.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"check-email-headers\">Check Email Headers<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>After receiving the test email, check the email headers for the&nbsp;<code>DKIM-Signature<\/code>&nbsp;header. This header indicates that the email has been signed by OpenDKIM.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"verify-dkim-signature\">Verify DKIM Signature<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Use an online DKIM verification tool (e.g., DKIMCore, MXToolbox) to verify the DKIM signature. Enter the selector (<code>mail<\/code>) and your domain (<code>yourdomain.com<\/code>) to check if the public key is correctly configured in your DNS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"troubleshooting\">Troubleshooting<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"check-opendkim-logs\">Check OpenDKIM Logs<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If you encounter issues, check the OpenDKIM logs for error messages.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo journalctl -u opendkim<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ensure-correct-permissions\">Ensure Correct Permissions<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensure that the&nbsp;<code>opendkim<\/code>&nbsp;user has the correct permissions for the key files.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo chown -R opendkim:opendkim \/etc\/opendkim\/keys<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"validate-dns-configuration\">Validate DNS Configuration<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Double-check your DNS records to ensure the DKIM public key is correctly added.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"restart-services\">Restart Services<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>If changes are made to the configuration files, restart the OpenDKIM and Postfix services.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code lang=\"bash\" class=\"language-bash\">$ sudo systemctl restart opendkim\n$ sudo systemctl restart postfix<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"conclusion\">Conclusion<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Setting up DKIM with OpenDKIM on an Ubuntu server enhances your email security by verifying the authenticity of your emails. By following the steps outlined in this guide, you can successfully install, configure, and integrate OpenDKIM with your Postfix mail server. Regularly monitor and update your DKIM keys and DNS records to maintain a secure email environment.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction DomainKeys Identified Mail (DKIM) is an email authentication method designed to detect forged sender addresses in emails, a technique often used in phishing and email spam. DKIM allows an organization to claim responsibility for a message in a way that can be validated by the recipient. OpenDKIM is an open-source implementation of the DKIM ..<\/p>\n<div class=\"clear-fix\"><\/div>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.webhi.com\/how-to\/install-configure-opendkim-linux-ubuntu-debian\/\" title=\"read more...\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[277,3],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>How to Install and Configure OpenDKIM in Ubuntu - WebHi Tutorials &amp; Documentations<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Learn how to install and configure OpenDKIM on Ubuntu to enhance email security with DKIM authentication. 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